Hirondellea gigas is a species of amphipod crustacean found in the hadal zone of the Pacific Ocean, particularly in the Mariana Trench. It is adapted to extreme deep-sea environments, living at depths exceeding 10,000 meters where pressures are immense and temperatures are near freezing. This species feeds on organic matter that sinks to the ocean floor, playing a crucial role in the deep-sea ecosystem as a scavenger. Its unique adaptations, such as a lightweight exoskeleton and specialized enzymes, allow it to survive and thrive in one of the most extreme habitats on Earth.
Animalia (Kingdom); Arthropoda (Phylum); Crustacea (Subphylum); Multicrustacea (Superclass); Malacostraca (Class); Eumalacostraca (Subclass); Peracarida (Superorder); Amphipoda (Order); Amphilochidea (Suborder); Lysianassida (Infraorder); Lysianassidira (Parvorder); Lysianassoidea (Superfamily); Hirondelleidae (Family); Hirondellea (Genus); Hirondellea gigas (Species)
Tetronychia gigas Birstein & M. Vinogradov, 1955
Philippine Trench from Philippine Sea, Mariana Trench from North Pacific Ocean and Kuril-Kamchatka Trench
| Species | Phylum | Common Name | Ecosystem | Depth | Habitat | NCBI Taxonomy ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hirondellea gigas | Arthropoda | - | Deep sea | 6,800-11,000 | Mariana Trench in the northwestern Pacific Ocean | 1518452 |
| Genome Assembly | Genome Size | Assembly level | Released year | WGS accession | Submitter | BioProject | BUSCO completeness (%) | Scaffold/Contig N50 (kb) | GC content (%) | Repeat Rate (%) | Gene Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | 13.92Gb | Chromosome | 2025 | CNA0142381 | - | CNP0005374 | 89.34 | 458,700/466.1 | 38.8 | 72.75 | 27,881 |
| Title | Journal | Pubmed ID |
|---|---|---|
| The amphipod genome reveals population dynamics and adaptations to hadal environment | Cell | 40054448 |
| Gene ID | Description |
|---|---|
| Hgig_17497 | |
| Hgig_17498 | ADAMTS A DISINTEGRIN AND METALLOPROTEASE WITH THROMBOSPONDIN MOTIFS PROTEASE |
| Hgig_17499 | ADAMTS A DISINTEGRIN AND METALLOPROTEASE WITH THROMBOSPONDIN MOTIFS PROTEASE |
| Hgig_17500 | DNAJ HOMOLOG SUBFAMILY C MEMBER |
| Hgig_17501 | RNA RECOGNITION MOTIF-CONTAINING |
| Hgig_17502 | UNCHARACTERIZED |
| Hgig_17503 | BCS1 AAA-TYPE ATPASE |
| Hgig_17504 | |
| Hgig_17505 | CHIMERIN FAMILY MEMBER |
| Hgig_17506 | |
| Hgig_17507 | |
| Hgig_17508 | CDK5 REGULATORY SUBUNIT-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 1 |
| Hgig_17509 | UNCHARACTERIZED |
| Hgig_17510 | |
| Hgig_17511 | GPI TRANSAMIDASE COMPONENT PIG-U |
| Hgig_17512 | REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| Hgig_17513 | ENDONUCLEASE-RELATED |
| Hgig_17514 | PHD FINGER PROTEIN 20-RELATED |
| Hgig_17515 | PHD FINGER PROTEIN 20-RELATED |
| Hgig_17516 | |
| Hgig_17517 | |
| Hgig_17518 | |
| Hgig_17519 | CXC DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN-RELATED |
| Hgig_17520 | FERMITIN 2-RELATED |
| Hgig_17521 | FERMITIN 2-RELATED |
| Hgig_17522 | |
| Hgig_17523 | EGALITARIAN, ISOFORM B |
| Hgig_17524 | S-METHYL-5'-THIOADENOSINE PHOSPHORYLASE |
| Hgig_17525 | S-METHYL-5'-THIOADENOSINE PHOSPHORYLASE |
| Hgig_17526 | |
| Hgig_17527 | C2H2 ZINC FINGER CGI-62-RELATED |
| Hgig_17528 | |
| Hgig_17529 | |
| Hgig_17530 | |
| Hgig_17531 | THIOREDOXIN, MITOCHONDRIAL |
| Hgig_17532 | ISOAMYL ACETATE-HYDROLYZING ESTERASE 1 |
| Hgig_17533 | UNCHARACTERIZED |
| Hgig_17534 | |
| Hgig_17535 | UNCHARACTERIZED |
| Hgig_17536 | TRANSLATION FACTOR GUF1-RELATED |
| Hgig_17537 | TRANSLATION FACTOR GUF1-RELATED |
| Hgig_17538 | ISOAMYL ACETATE-HYDROLYZING ESTERASE 1 |
| Hgig_17539 | NUCLEAR HORMONE RECEPTOR |
| Hgig_17540 | PENTRAXIN |
| Hgig_17541 | NUCLEAR HORMONE RECEPTOR |
| Hgig_17542 | NUCLEAR FUSION PROTEIN FUS2 |
| Hgig_17543 | COP9 SIGNALOSOME COMPLEX SUBUNIT 7/DENDRITIC CELL PROTEIN GA17 |
| Hgig_17544 | CELL DIVISION CYCLE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 3 |
| Hgig_17545 | SURFEIT LOCUS PROTEIN |
| Hgig_17546 | PHOSPHOLIPASE D |
